INS

Across TCGA pan-cancer cohorts, INS mass-spec protein differs between tumor and matched normal tissue in 1 of 18 cancer types tested, making tumor–normal expression one of INS’s most consistent transcriptional readouts.

The strongest signal is observed in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), where INS mass-spec protein is repressed in tumor relative to normal tissue. In most cancer types INS is over-expressed in tumor, although a few such as PDAC show the opposite, repressed pattern.

PDAC are the cancer types where INS tumor–normal differential expression is most reproducible.

mass-spec protein tumor vs normal associations by lineage

Ranked by sampling consensus. Fold-change is the tumor-versus-normal difference in INS mass-spec protein (log₂); positive values indicate higher expression in tumor. p-values are from the differential-expression test.

Lineage	Gender	Stage	Fold-change	p	Sampling consensus
PDAC	Female	II,III,IV	−0.703	<.001	8	view →

Pink = over-expressed in tumor, green = repressed in tumor. Showing the 1 strongest of 1 lineages.

INS–PDAC

Open the PDAC breakdown →