Across TCGA pan-cancer cohorts, HLA-G RNA differs between tumor and matched normal tissue in 11 of 18 cancer types tested, making tumor–normal expression one of HLA-G’s most consistent transcriptional readouts.
The strongest signal is observed in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC), where HLA-G RNA is more highly expressed in tumor relative to normal tissue. In most cancer types HLA-G is over-expressed in tumor, although a few such as LUSC show the opposite, repressed pattern.
KIRC, HNSC, and THCA are the cancer types where HLA-G tumor–normal differential expression is most reproducible.
RNA tumor vs normal associations by lineage
Ranked by sampling consensus. Fold-change is the tumor-versus-normal difference in HLA-G RNA (log2); positive values indicate higher expression in tumor. p-values are from the differential-expression test.