GLI1

Across TCGA pan-cancer cohorts, GLI1 RNA differs between tumor and matched normal tissue in 12 of 18 cancer types tested, making tumor–normal expression one of GLI1’s most consistent transcriptional readouts.

The strongest signal is observed in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC), where GLI1 RNA is more highly expressed in tumor relative to normal tissue. In most cancer types GLI1 is over-expressed in tumor, although a few such as THCA and BLCA show the opposite, repressed pattern.

HNSC, THCA, and BLCA are the cancer types where GLI1 tumor–normal differential expression is most reproducible.

RNA tumor vs normal associations by lineage

Ranked by sampling consensus. Fold-change is the tumor-versus-normal difference in GLI1 RNA (log₂); positive values indicate higher expression in tumor. p-values are from the differential-expression test.

Lineage	Gender	Stage	Fold-change	p	Sampling consensus
HNSC	Male	III,IV	+1.645	<.001	10	view →
THCA	Male	II,III,IV	−1.378	<.001	10	view →
BLCA	Male	All	−1.497	<.001	7	view →
STAD	Male	II,III,IV	+1.177	<.001	7	view →
KICH	Female	All	−1.019	<.001	7	view →
LIHC	Female	All	+0.413	<.001	7	view →
BRCA	All	II,III,IV	−0.484	<.001	4	view →
KIRC	All	All	+0.297	.005	4	view →
CHOL	All	All	+0.934	<.001	3	view →
UCEC	All	All	−1.148	<.001	2	view →
KIRP	All	IV	+0.885	.037	2	view →
LUAD	Female	III,IV	−0.458	.019	1	view →

Pink = over-expressed in tumor, green = repressed in tumor. Showing the 12 strongest of 12 lineages.

GLI1–HNSC

Open the HNSC breakdown →