Across TCGA pan-cancer cohorts, MTHFR mass-spec protein is linked to patient survival in 5 of 34 cancer types, making it a survival-associated MTHFR data layer compared with 23 for mass-spec protein and 5 for mutation status.
The strongest signal is observed in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC), where higher MTHFR mass-spec protein is associated with better overall survival. In most high-consensus cancer types, elevated MTHFR expression acts as an unfavorable survival marker, although some lineages such as HNSC and PDAC show a favorable association.
HNSC, PDAC, and LSCC are the cancer types where MTHFR mass-spec protein most reproducibly stratifies survival.