Across TCGA pan-cancer cohorts, HELLS mass-spec protein is linked to patient survival in 4 of 34 cancer types, making it a survival-associated HELLS data layer compared with 26 for mass-spec protein and 6 for mutation status.
The strongest signal is observed in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC), where higher HELLS mass-spec protein is associated with better disease-free survival. In most high-consensus cancer types, elevated HELLS expression acts as an unfavorable survival marker, although some lineages such as LSCC and LUAD show a favorable association.
LSCC, HNSC, and LUAD are the cancer types where HELLS mass-spec protein most reproducibly stratifies survival.