Across TCGA pan-cancer cohorts, CTSS mass-spec protein is linked to patient survival in 4 of 34 cancer types, making it a survival-associated CTSS data layer compared with 26 for mass-spec protein and 3 for mutation status.
The strongest signal is observed in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), where higher CTSS mass-spec protein is associated with better disease-free survival. In most high-consensus cancer types, elevated CTSS expression acts as an unfavorable survival marker, although some lineages such as PDAC and LUAD show a favorable association.
PDAC, GBM, and HNSC are the cancer types where CTSS mass-spec protein most reproducibly stratifies survival.