Across TCGA pan-cancer cohorts, CA1 mass-spec protein is linked to patient survival in 2 of 34 cancer types, making it a survival-associated CA1 data layer compared with 23 for mass-spec protein and 6 for mutation status.
The strongest signal is observed in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), where higher CA1 mass-spec protein is associated with better overall survival. In most high-consensus cancer types, elevated CA1 expression acts as an unfavorable survival marker, although some lineages such as LUAD show a favorable association.
LUAD and LSCC are the cancer types where CA1 mass-spec protein most reproducibly stratifies survival.